考研写作基础版范文20篇





一、书信类应用


directions:


you are preparing for an english test and are in need of some reference books. write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:detailed information about the books you want,methods of payment,time and way of delivery


范文


dear sir or madam,


as i am planning to take the national entrance test of english for ma/ms candidates (netem) , i have decided to place an order of some netem books with due consideration of the good reputation of your bookstore and the high quality of your books.


firstly, please give me particular accounts as regards names, authors, publishing houses and prices of these books. secondly, i also need to know the terms of payment and after-sell service. thirdly, i wonder if it is convenient for you to deliver these books by ems to the headquarters of beijing new oriental school by september 1, 2008.


i would like to express my gratitude for your kind consideration of my requests. i look forward to hearing from you soon.


yours sincerely,


li ming


翻译:


尊敬的先生或女士:


由于我计划参加全国硕士研究生入学考试英语考试,充分考虑到贵书店的良好声誉和书籍的优良品质,我决定订购一些考研英语书籍。


首先,请给我关于这些书的书名、作者、出版社、价格的详细信息。其次,我也想知道付款方式和售后服务。第三,我想知道您是否方便把这些书通过特快邮政专递在2008年9月1日前送到北京考研学校总部。


非常感谢您好心考虑我的请求。期待着尽快得到您的答复。


您真诚的,


李明


two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine designs&fashions. but now you find that the work is not what you expected. you decide to quit. write a letter to your boss, mr. wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.write your letter with no less than 100 words. write it neatly on answer sheet2. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use“li ming”instead. you do not need to write the address. (10 points)


范文


dear mr. wang,


i am much grateful to be employed by you two months ago as an editor for your magazine design & fashions. i appreciate the opportunity of having worked here with you and other colleagues. the experiences will be unforgettable throughout my life.


however, as a young man whose primary interest is in computer science rather than fashion designing, i find my present job doesn't fall in with my previous training and strength. i therefore decide to quit this job for something else that may conform to my former preparation.


please accept my sincere apologies for any inconveniences my leaving may occur.


yours truly,


li ming


翻译:


尊敬的王先生:


十分感激您两个月之前聘用我为杂志《设计与时尚》的编辑。我非常珍惜这个和您以及其他同事共事的机会。这将是我一生中的难忘经历。


但是,对于一个喜欢计算机科学远多于时尚设计的年轻人来说,我认识到目前的工作并不符合我的教育背景与个人能力。因此,我决定辞职,找一份与我从前教育背景相关的工作。


我为离开可能造成的不便深表歉意。


您真诚的,


李明


you want to contribute to project hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. you should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. write your letter in no less than 100 words. write it neatly on answer sheet 2. don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter. use“li ming”instead. don’t write the address. (10 points)


范文


moved by the noble cause of project hope and encouraged by what has been achieved so far, i would like to contribute my bit to the project by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area of your province.


i would be much grateful if you could help me seek out a girl who has just started schooling but whose family cannot afford her education. my plan is to pay for her tuition on an annual basis till she finishes her secondary education. i would like to remit my donation directly to a bank account opened by her family in her local area.


yours truly,


li ming


翻译:


尊敬的先生或女士:


希望工程这项高尚的事业感动了我,同时这项工程迄今所取得的成就也鼓舞了我。因此,我想通过给贵省偏远地区的一个孩子提供经济帮助,来为希望工程贡献我的微薄之力。


如果您能帮助我找到一个刚开始上学但家庭无法为其负担学费的小女孩,我将不胜感激。本人计划按年度支付她的学费直至她中学毕业。我希望把捐款直接汇给她的家人在当地开设的银行帐户中。


您真诚的,


李明


write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service. you should write about 100 words on answer sheet 2.do not sign your name at the end of the letter. use“li ming”instead.do not write the address. (10 points)


范文:


dear sir/madam,


i am a student in this university who regularly come to the library to spend my spare time. generally speaking, the services you offer here is quite good; however, i have some suggestions for you to adopt. and i would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.


to begin with, will you please prolong the time for reading? in the daytime, most of the students are having class, so they can’t come to the library. moreover, some of the books on shelves are out of date. if you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines, we will be greatly honored.


i really wish to have a more comfortable library. thank you for your time and consideration.


sincerely yours,


li ming


尊敬的先生/女士:


我是本校的一名学生,常来图书馆度过业余时间。总而言之,您这里提供的服务相当不错,但我有一些建议希望您采纳。如果您能好心考虑我的建议,我将非常感谢。


首先,是否可以请您延长阅读时间?在白天,大多数学生在上课,来不了图书馆。其次,书架上有些书已经过时了。如果您能好心提供一些例如最新杂志等的书籍,我们将非常感谢。


我确实希望拥有一个更加舒适的图书馆。再次感谢您的时间和关注。


二、告示类应用文

(一)比赛通告:

the students’ union of your department is planning a chinese speaking contest. write an announcement which covers the following information:


1) the purpose of the contest, 2) time and place of the contest,


3) what is required of the candidates,4) details of the judges and awards.


you should write about 100 words. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. use department of chinese language and literature at the end of the announcement.


范文:


chinese-speaking contest


january 8, 2011


to improve students’ ability to speak chinese and enrich after-class activities, the students’ union of department of chinese language and literature is organizing a school-wide chinese-speaking contest to be held on saturday next week (15 january) at the students’ auditorium. those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before tuesday next week. five professors will be invited to be judges. the first six winners will be given awards. everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.


the students’ union


department of


翻译:


中文演讲比赛


2011年1月8日


为提高同学们中文演讲的能力并丰富课外活动,中文系学生会将于下周六(1月15日)在学生大礼堂组织全校中文演讲比赛。有兴趣参加的同学请于下周二之前在本班班长处报名。我们将邀请五位教授担任评委,并将给前六名获奖者者颁奖。欢迎大家积极参加。


中文系学生会


(二)征稿启事:

your journal is planning to publish an issue. write a contributions wanted which covers the following information:


1) the purpose of the issue, 2) time and methods of delivery, 3) other details.


you should write about 100 words. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.


范文:


contributions wanted


january 8, 2011


to celebrate the 18th anniversary of the beijing new oriental education and technology group, this journal has decided to publish a special issue on our great achievements in the teaching and research activities in the past 18 years. articles, photos, memoirs and other writings related to this topic are invited. faculty members and students are welcome to send in their contributions in whatever forms or styles to our office before the 30th instant. they may also send their writings and photos electronically to the following address: xdfyy@staff.neworiental.org


the editorial office


new oriental english journal


翻译:


征稿启事


2011年1月8日


为庆祝北京考研教育科技集团成立18周年,本杂志决定出版专刊纪念过去18年来我们在教学和研究活动中取得的光辉业绩。欢迎与此相关的任何文章、照片、回忆录或其他文体。欢迎各位教师及同学在30日前把各种形式和风格的征稿寄给我们主编室。也可将稿件与照片网上寄给下述地址:


《考研英语》杂志社总编室


(三)招聘启事:

范文:


teachers wanted


beijing new oriental school is looking for 10 teachers. applicants should have a strong professional spirit and a good command of english.


location: beijing


education: university graduate


requirements: candidate must have outstanding skills at english teaching and the ability to speak chinese and english fluently. the candidates must have chinese nationality and be aged under 35.


those with relevant professional experience are preferred.


contact: candidates should send their resume, cover letter, record of formal schooling and a copy of their transcripts, along with two 2-inch photo to:


beijing new oriental school


b-5f zhongguancun finance center, 6 haidianzhong street, haidian district


beijing 100080, china (please mark: application)


email: bj-hr@staff.neworiental.org


翻译:


招聘教师


北京考研学校现招聘10名教师。应聘者需有较强的职业精神和良好的英语水平。


工作地点:北京


教育背景:大学毕业


招聘条件:应聘者需具有卓越的英文教学水平以及流利的中英文演讲能力。应聘者必须具有中国国籍,年龄在35岁以下。


优先考虑具有相关职业经验的人选。


联系方式:应聘者请将个人简历、附件、正规教育证明及其复印件,以及两张2寸照片寄至:


北京考研学校


地址:中国北京市海淀区海淀中街6号中关村金融中心b座5层


邮编:100080(请注明:应聘)


邮箱:bj-hr@staff.neworiental.org


三、摘要

(一)金融类:

directions: read the following chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 english words on answer sheet 2. (10 points)


金融危机


金融危机又称金融风暴,是指一个国家或几个国家与地区的全部或大部分金融指标(如:短期利率、货币资产、证券、房地产、土地(价格)、商业破产数和金融机构倒闭数)的急剧、短暂和超周期的恶化。


金融危机可以分为货币危机、债务危机、银行危机等类型。近年来的金融危机越来越呈现出某种混合形式的特征。


金融危机的特征是人们基于经济未来将更加悲观的预期,整个区域内货币币值出现幅度较大的贬值,经济总量与经济规模出现较大的损失,经济增长受到打击。往往伴随着企业大量倒闭,失业率提高,社会普遍的经济萧条,甚至有些时候伴随着社会动荡或国家政治层面的动荡。


金融危机的产生大多数情况是由经济泡沫引起的,而产生危机的背景非常复杂,有多方面的因素。以21世纪最大的美国金融危机为例,追根溯源,主要有以下几方面促因。


(1)美国的消费习惯。借钱(贷款)消费是普遍的生活方式。年轻人收入少,但消费多;老年人退休后享受优越的退休金,但消费相对少。所以,年轻人多借钱消费(包括向父母借钱,这与中国不同)。而且,美国发达、完善的信用体制使几乎所有人的消费靠借钱来完成。而从储蓄模式来看,美国人的储蓄率历来很低,近年来,一直在零储蓄率上徘徊。要消费,只能靠借钱。经济增长模式。美国的经济增长主要依靠消费驱动。其消费率长期为70%左右,投资率为15%左右,国际贸易方面严重入超。


(2)经济管理思想。自上世纪70年代发生经济“滞涨”以后,凯恩斯主义的“国家干预”政策遭到新古典自由主义的强烈批评,此后,新自由主义思潮受到追捧。80年代的“华盛顿共识”所倡导的“经济自由、私有化、减少管制”成为指导西方国家经济走向的主要道具。


(3)经济环境与具体政策工具。美国2000年后陷入高科技泡沫破裂后的短暂衰退之中,在美联储前主席格林斯潘的主持下,连续13次大幅度消减联邦基准利率,从最高6.5%下降到1%,强行向市场注入流动性资金,扼住了经济下滑,也拉动了美国房地产连续多年繁荣。这正是这次次贷危机乃至金融危机爆发的直接导火线。在21世纪的最初几年里,同样的低利率政策,为什么美国偏偏房地产行业得以相对发展,而不是其他行业呢?原因是:网络等高科技产业高速发展导致的泡沫破灭后,进入一个成长停滞期,抑制了大量资金对该行业的投入;20世纪六、七十年代,随着劳动力成本的不断提升,美国制造业,尤其是劳动密集型产业大量外移,形成国内产业空心化,加之服务业在繁荣之后的替代更新需要一定的时滞期,所以,这些行业投资机会较少。而且,从90年代开始,美国的房产一直处于稳定的状态。在这种情况下,流动性资金开始注入该行业。(1034字)


中文摘要


金融危机又称金融风暴,是指一个国家或几个国家与地区的金融指标的急剧恶化。金融危机可以分为货币危机、债务危机、银行危机、次贷危机等类型。金融危机的特征是人们基于经济未来将更加悲观的预期,整个区域内货币币值出现幅度较大的贬值。产生危机的背景非常复杂,主要有以下几方面促因。(1)美国的消费习惯。借钱消费是普遍的生活方式。(2)经济管理思想。新“自由主义”思潮受到追捧。(3)经济环境与具体政策工具。(194字)


参考范文


financial crisis


financial crisis, also known as financial tsunami, refers to the dramatic deterioration of the financial indicators of a certain country or several countries and regions in the world. it can be classified as currency crisis, debt crisis, banking crisis, sub-loan crisis, etc. the feature of the crisis is that people are pessimistic about the economic future because of monetary depreciation occurring throughout the region. the causes for the crisis are complicated with multiple reasons, mainly from three aspects, i.e., the u.s. consumption habits of borrowing, the idea of free economic management, and the economic environment and specific policy instruments. (99 words)


(二)人文类:

话说“真话”


这些年来,“要敢讲真话”,叫得很响,在弄文墨者的圈子里,是人人皆知的。我偶尔写点杂感,也觉得这话很好,不说真话,就没有正义的呼声,要敢讲真话,这是没有疑义的。不过,生活告诉人们,还没有哪一位作家、演说家,不标榜他讲的是真话。那么,我们周围真的都是一片真话吗?显然还不是。张三说他讲的是真话,李四却在摇头;王五指责赵六讲的不是真话,赵六一定要驳斥王五。孰是孰非,较真起来,问题就复杂了。辨别真话,倘若在大家认同的标推下,认识不难统一,观在之所以有那些是是非非,讲不清,道不白, 说明人们还不认为有辨别真话的标准,或者标准还不一致。


从实际情况看,辨别真话还是有标准的。目前,我看至少有两个。


一个是心里怎么想,口头怎么说,就叫真话。口以心为标准,讲与想相呼应,二者一致为真,不一致为假。从这种意义上说,所谓敢讲真话,只在于敢讲,即把心里想的,都大胆讲出来,敢讲的,都是真话。


一个是,说的符合实际,不夸大,不缩小,没有片面性,就叫讲真话。口以事实为标推,讲与实际相统一,二者一致为真话,不仅在于敢讲,还在于求真。


两种标准,实际上是从两种不同的意义上,或者说两种不同层次上来谈论“真话”的。但由此也便产生了倡言“讲真话”时的歧义。认定前一种标淮的人说,我心里这么想, 口里就这么说,言为心声,难道不叫讲真话吗?坚持后一种标准的人说,如果不管符合不符合实际,只要把心里想的都说出来,就叫讲真话,那么夸夸其谈者的捕风捉影,哗众取宠者的镜花水月,造谣者的飞短流长,觅怪撒谎的无稽谬言,岂不都可以叫做真话?那样提倡讲真话,鱼龙混杂,良莠竞荣,能有什么意义。由此看来,如何评价“讲真话”,确实有深入讨论的必要。


比如,有篇文章说,中国历史上没有什么爱国主义,屈原不过是对主子效愚忠,所谓爱国,是后人按自己的需要贴上去的。你读了这样的文章,将怎样认定作者是不是讲真话呢?只按“口与心”的标准,完全可以回答,作者是讲真话,因为他不承认爱国主义是中华民族的传统,心里那么想,口里那么说,二者是一致的。但是,许许多多的中国人,会赞同这样的真话吗?屈原爱国,情深意笃,有他的诗篇在。谁想推翻它.总得拿出新的材料来,还得让人信服。这不是凭着敢想敢说,就能算得了数的。又比如,有篇文章,拿雷锋的话当靶子,讥讽“我把党来比母亲”,诘问:人民是母亲,党怎么可能是母亲?又有人说,雷锋是悲剧人物,他的个性全被扼杀了,说的不是自己的话。那么,是雷锋讲真话,还是否定他的人讲真话?我想,绝大多数人不会认为雷锋在讲假话吧。雷锋在这里讲的,是他与共产党的关系,共产党救了他,他觉得共产党像母亲,既言为心声,又符合实际。至于人民是母亲,那比喻属于另一范畴,另有含义。偷换概念,讥讽雷锋,只能让正直的人反感,怎能纵容他们以标榜“讲真话”来蛊惑舆论呢?如果纵容他们,那就应了《红楼梦》中的一句话.“假作真时真亦假”,世上也就无是非可言了。


看来,我们不能只停留在提倡“口心一致”的“真话”上,还要进一步提倡实事求是的“真话”。言为心声,当然也算是一种真,即口头讲的,真是心里想的,但这种真,却不表示话的本身是否真理。真话虽然不见得都是真理,但总是愈接近真理愈真。人们还记得,关于什么是真理的标准,曾有过一场激烈的争论,绝大多数人最终统—了认识,承认实践是检验真理的唯一标准。


当然,提倡追求真理的“真话”,并不否认讲心里话。同志之间,朋友之间,包括对待上下级,都应该敞开思想,有话就说,不必顾忌。但是写文章,做演说,搞创作,情况有所不同,都是用自己的话,去宣传人,影响社会,这就要顾及讲话的效果,如果认为,只要是心里想的,口里就要讲,而不管这些话符合不符合实际,那就不妥当了。(1500字)


中文摘要


这些年来,“要敢讲真话”,叫得很响。从实际情况看,辨别真话还是有标准的。目前,我看至少有两个。一个是心里怎么想,口头怎么说,就叫真话。一个是,说的符合实际,不夸大,不缩小,没有片面性,就叫讲真话。两种标准,实际上是从两种不同的意义上,或者说两种不同层次上来谈论“真话”的。但由此也便产生了倡言“讲真话”时的歧义。看来,我们不能只停留在提倡“口心一致”的“真话”上,还要进一步提倡实事求是的“真话”。当然,提倡追求真理的“真话”,并不否认讲心里话。同志之间,朋友之间,包括对待上下级,都应该敞开思想,有话就说,不必顾忌。但是写文章,做演说,搞创作,情况有所不同,都是用自己的话,去宣传人,影响社会,这就要顾及讲话的效果。(309字)


参考范文


on telling the truth


in recent years, there is much talk about “telling the truth”, but criteria are quite different. there are at least two criteria to distinguish the truth. one is to speak out what one thinks arbitrarily, the other is to be realistic without any exaggeration and one-sided view. different criteria may bring about various meanings when “telling the truth”. accordingly, we should not only advocate the practice of saying what one thinks, but more importantly, the spirit of seeking truth from facts. the pursuit of truth does not contradict speaking out one’s mind. we may talk freely with comrades and friends, while in writing or making speeches, we should be prudent, taking various realistic factors into consideration. (116 words)


(三)时事类:

奥巴马就海地发生强烈地震发表讲话


(2010年1月13日)


大家早上好。昨天,海地发生了强烈地震。在此我想对海地人民表达最深的问候,美国人民将坚定地向海地提供援助。


我们刚刚开始了解到地震所造成破坏的严重程度,我们从新闻报道和图片上看到了倒塌的医院,变成废墟的房屋,人们在街上抬着受伤的邻居,场面十分令人心痛。海地和海地人民已历尽苦难和伤痛,但这场灾难尤为无情、让人感到不可思议。美国各地还有一些美籍海地人不知道远在家乡的家人和朋友的安危,我们与他们感同身受、并为他们祈祷。


我已下令政府以迅速、协调、积极的救援拯救生命。美国将全力支持海地人民,我们将紧急援救被困灾民,并提供食品、水以及药品等人道主义救灾物资,以满足海地人民未来几天的需要。美国政府,尤其是美国国际开发署、国务院和国防部正与海地、加勒比地区以及全世界紧密合作,实施救援。


目前我们的救援活动主要集中于以下几个紧急的方面。首先,我们迅速查明了在海地首都太子港的美国驻海地大使馆人员及其家人的情况,以及很多在海地生活工作的美国公民的情况。寻亲者可联系美国国务院,寻亲热线为(888) 407-4747。我再重复一遍,。


其次,我们调动了人力和物资,支持救援。空军已对海地的受灾情况做出了估计,今天中午之前,我们的平民伤亡救援小组将陆续抵达灾区。来自佛罗里达、维吉尼亚和加利福尼亚的搜救组也将在今明两天陆续抵达。更多的救援和医疗设备,以及紧急救护人员正在筹备之中。


在这样的灾难中,最初的几个小时和几天是抢救生命,避免更大伤亡的关键。我已命令我们的救援组在抵达灾区后及时开展援助,并与国际救援人员进行合作实施救援。


第三,鉴于所需救援物资种类繁多,我们正采取措施,确保美国政府统一行动。我们的国家安全人员连夜带头开展部际合作。为确保救援行动协调、顺利进行,我已任命美国国际开发署署长拉吉夫夏哈担任美国政府救灾行动总指挥。


此次救灾和灾后重建工作将非常复杂,极具挑战。在我们向海地运送救灾人员和物资的过程中,我们将与地面人员紧密配合,包括海地的很多非政府组织,在此次地震中伤亡惨重的联合国海地稳定特派团以及我们在该地区和世界各地的合作机构等等。这是一次真正的国际合作行动。


最后,我想说明一点,这次灾难提醒了我们共同拥有的人性。美国和海地之间相隔只有几百公里的海洋,悠久的历史将我们两国联系在一起。海地人民是美国人民的邻居,这里就如同他们的家乡,所以在他们需要帮助的紧急时刻,我们要伸出援手。


尽管美国国内的境况也很艰难,我仍要鼓励那些有意进行紧急人道主义援助的美国人民登陆白宫网站,了解如何捐赠。在了解到灾害的严重程度之后,我们必须提前为今后救灾的种种困难做好准备。我们将为遇难者和他们的家人祈祷。我们将以坚决果敢的姿态实施救援行动。我向海地人民保证,不管今天,还是今后,美国都是你们的朋友和伙伴。愿上帝保佑海地人民,和在海地的救援人员。非常感谢。(1152字)


中文摘要


我想对海地人民表达最深的问候,美国人民将坚定地向海地提供援助。目前我们的救援活动主要集中于以下几个紧急的方面。首先,我们迅速查明了很多在海地生活工作的美国公民的情况。其次,我们调动了人力和物资,支持救援。第三,我们正采取措施,确保美国政府统一行动。最后,这次灾难提醒了我们共同拥有的人性。(144字)


参考范文


president obama's remarks on the earthquake in haiti


i want to extend to the people of haiti the deep condolences and unwavering support of the american people. i have directed my administration to respond with a swift, coordinated, and aggressive effort to save lives. right now our efforts are focused on several urgent priorities. first, we’re working quickly to account for many american citizens who live and work in haiti. second, we’ve mobilized resources to help rescue efforts. third, we are taking steps to ensure that our government acts in a unified way. finally, this is a time when we are reminded of the common humanity that we all share. (102 words)


写作b节

一、提纲作文

directions:


a) title: good health b) time limit: 40 minutes


c) word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)


d) your composition should be based on the outline below and should start


with the given opening sentence:“the desire for good health is universal.”


e) your composition must be written neatly on the answer sheet.


outline:


1. importance of good health


2. ways to keep fit


3. my own practices


范文:


the desire for health is universal. with the quickening pace of urban life and ever-increasing pressure, people in growing numbers are suffering either physical or mental problems. it is generally believed that good health is the key to a happy life and a successful career.


there are numerous ways of keeping fit. first and foremost, it is most effective to do physical exercises. people respectively choose jogging, playing basketball, swimming, skating, climbing or riding as their regular exercises because exercises never fail to make us stronger and more energetic. moreover, we should put great emphasis on forming good habits. a balanced diet and sufficient sleep are both indispensable to physical fitness. what’s more, mental health should also be taken seriously. especially in adversity, we need to maintain an optimistic mentality to pull through life’s pain and sorrow, twists and turns.


as far as i am concerned, i have a peculiar interest in yoga exercise. an hour’s exercise everyday usually makes me feel healthier and more vigorous. besides, i never touch any cigarette or wine, neither do i stay up late. instead, i keep balanced diet and go to bed before 11 o’clock at night, because i believe burning the midnight oil is harmful to health. more importantly, an optimistic attitude toward life makes me confident and persistent. to sum up, all these practices guarantee a fit health and a happy life.


翻译:


对于健康的渴望很普遍。随着都市生活节奏的加快和压力的不断增加,越来越多的人开始拥有生理或心理问题。普遍公认健康是生活幸福和事业成功的关键。


保持健康的方式有很多种。首先,进行体育锻炼最为有效。人们分别选择慢跑、打篮球、游泳、滑冰、爬山或汽车作为日常锻炼,这是因为这些运动总是使我们更强壮和精力充沛。此外,我们应该重视养成良好习惯。均衡饮食和足够睡眠对于生理健康都是不可或缺的。另外,心理健康也应被认真对待。尤其在逆境中,我们需要保持一种乐观的心态来经历人生的痛苦悲伤、迂回曲折。


就我而言,我对瑜伽有特殊的兴趣。每天一小时的锻炼经常使我感到更健康而且更有活力。此外,我从不吸烟喝酒,也不熬夜。相反,我保持均衡饮食,而且晚上11点之前上床睡觉,因为我相信熬夜对健康有害。更为重要的是,对生活乐观的态度使我充满自信而且坚持不懈。简而言之,所有这些锻炼保证了良好的健康和快乐的生活。


二、情景作文:

(一)

directions: it is known that text message(手机短信)has both advantages and disadvantages. some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. in this section, you are asked to write an essay on text messaging. you can take either stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. you should write at least 150 words on the answer sheet.


范文:


in the new millennium, text message is set to become an essential feature of individuals’ life. it comes no surprise that a vast majority of people are indulged in sending and receiving short message, considering the great pleasure and convenience it brings about. still, there are some others viewing text message as a curse of modern life, for it cause extra waste and do harm to our health.


text messaging, as a means of communication, shortens the distance between people, which, many believe, is one of its apparent advantages. by sending regards to them via short message, we can not only maintain contact with our friends and relatives, but share pleasure with them as well. another benefit obtained from text message is the convenience for people to keep up with the latest information they need whatever they go and whatever they do. for instance, a large number of people have subscribed to various short-message services ranging from weather forecast to fashion news and enjoy them very much. accordingly, with text message people’s daily life will be greatly enriched.


truly, apart from those benefits, text messaging might have its drawbacks. but it is my view that its negative impacts depend, to a large extent, on how it is used. as a consequence, if we make proper use of it, short message will never do us more harm than good. (228 words)


翻译:


在新的世纪,手机短信被视为个人生活中的一个重要特征。毫无疑问,考虑到它所带来的巨大快乐与方便,很多人沉迷于收发短信。然而,由于它能造成额外的浪费并损害我们的健康,有些人认为短信是现代生活的一个弊端。


手机短信作为一种沟通工具,缩短了人们之间的距离。很多人认为这是它的一个显著优点。通过短信问候亲友,我们不仅可以和他们保持联系,也可以与他们分享快乐。从短信中获得的另一个优点就是:无论人们去哪里或做什么,都能方便人们了解最新信息。例如,很多人订阅了从天气预报到时尚快讯的各种短信服务。因此,短信极大丰富了人们的日常生活。


除了这些优点,手机短信确实也有缺点。但在我看来,它的负面影响在很大程度上取决于人们如何使用。因此,如果我们适当使用,手机短信绝不会对我们弊大于利。


(二)

in this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. make comments and express your own opinion. you should write at least 150 words on the answer sheet.


以往许多人报考成人高校,是为了圆文凭梦。如今,手持本科、硕士文凭,回头重新考大学的大有人在。据报道,今年报名全国成人高考的上海考生中,有390名本科毕业生,15名硕士生。


写一篇约150词的作文对此现象进行评论和表达自己的意见。


范文:


the past several years have witnessed the emergence of a widespread social phenomenon. that is, a growing number of people are in quest of college education for adult despite whatever degrees they have required before. it is reported that 390 university graduates, together with 15 candidates who have master’s degrees have taken the national adult college entrance examination in shanghai this year. this issue, without the slightest question, has given rise to great concern in the public.


people’s attitudes towards this phenomenon differ widely. some find it quite understandable when considering the fact that life-long education is an era of knowledge explosion. rather, one has to recharge himself with updated information so as to keep up with the development of the society. and yet those who hold negative views regard it as a waste of time as well as educational resources.


personally, i am in favor of the former opinion. education is becoming a lifetime study, just as the old saying goes: live and learn. after all, there is no denying the fact that education is of benefit to both personal growth and economic prosperity. and this is also the exact reason why i have determined to do an mba.


翻译:


过去几年目睹了一个广泛社会现象的出现:那就是越来越多的人尽管之前已经获得学位,仍然报考成人高校。据报道,今年在上海报名全国成人高考的考生中,有390名本科毕业生和15名硕士生。这个问题无疑已经引起了公众的极大关注。


人们对这一现象的态度截然不同。有人考虑到在一个知识爆炸的时代,我们需要终身教育这一事实,认为这种现象合情合理。相反,为了跟上社会的发展,一个人必须利用最新信息自我充电。而那些持相反意见的人认为这是一种时间和教育资源的浪费。


个人而言,我支持前者的观点。教育正在变为终身学习。正如老话所说:活到老,学到老。毕竟,不可否认这一事实:教育对个人发展和经济繁荣均有益处。这也是为什么我决定攻读mba的确切原因。


三、图表作文:

(一)

widespread tobacco consumption has led to grave consequences, yet the tobacco companies are still claiming that they make a valuable contribution to the world economy.


there is a discussion in a newspaper on the above two viewpoints.


write an essay to the newspaper


1) criticizing the view of the tobacco company and


2) justifying your stand.


in your essay, make full use of the information provided in the pictures printed below.


you should write about 200 words neatly on answer sheet 2.


范文:


the majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. but the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.


personally, i believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. according to the survey, tobacco consumers account for about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related decreases every year. the fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 14.364 billion pounds in 1994 to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. as is indicated in the pictures, 200 billion us dollars is lost due to smoking each year. obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.


in conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. if we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifiable. it is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban.


翻译:


大多数人认为吸烟已经导致了严重的问题。然而烟草公司声称他们通过给政府纳税和雇佣成百上千的工人,从而为世界经济做出了巨大的贡献。


个人而言,我认为烟草的生产和消费弊大于利。首先,吸烟是导致诸如心脏病、肺癌等很多致命疾病的原因。根据调查,烟民大约占世界人口20%,而在他们中间,每年有300万人死于与吸烟相关的疾病。世界烟草总产量从1994年的143.64亿磅下降到1995年的142亿磅的事实,也证明了人们已经逐渐意识到吸烟的负面影响。其次,烟草消费非常浪费金钱。如图所示,每年由于吸烟损失2000亿美元。显而易见,全球金钱总损失明显超过工业受益。


总而言之,由于经济发展旨在改进人民生活,我们不能为了短期经济利益牺牲健康。如果我们不得不花费越来越多的钱为那些受吸烟相关疾病所困扰的人群提供医疗服务的话,那么通过烟草生产来发展经济的观念就站不住脚了。我们早就该进行一场全面禁烟的战役了。


(二)

directions: study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:


effect of the country’s growing population on its wildlife,


possible reason for the effect,


your suggestion for wildlife protection.


范文:


currently, there is a widespread concern regarding the previously neglected connection between growing human population and decreasing wild species. as the two graphs obviously portrayed, american population in 1980 was 250 times than that in 1800, a trend accompanied by the extinction of nearly 70 kinds of wildlife in the past 300 years. a clear correlation is suggested that mankind has exerted a tremendously negative influence on natural resources.


there are a great many causes responsible for the aforementioned tendency. to begin with, to satisfy the space demand for booming population, the only available solution for americans is to take occupation of forests and grasslands that used to be the habitat of wild animals and plants. in addition, the process of industrialization and urbanization has generated severe pollution that essentially destroys environment and ecosystem.


in my point of view, the dearth of wild species today forecasts an unpromising future for humans tomorrow. in order to eliminate species extinction, relevant laws and regulations must be established and enforced to maintain a large portion of unspoiled areas. drastic measures should also be applied to ensure that the impact of pollution be removed.


翻译:


近年来人们开始普遍关注以前被忽略的人口增长和自然物种减少之间的关系。正如两幅图表显示,1980年的美国人口是1900年的250倍,同时在过去的300年间大约有70种野生生物在美国灭绝。这清楚表明人类给自然物种带来了巨大的负面影响。


以上趋势是由诸多原因造成的。首先为了满足迅速增长的人口对于空间的需求,对于美国人来说唯一有效的解决办法就是占据森林和草原,而这些地方曾是野生动植物的栖息地。此外,工业化和城市化的进程造成了严重的污染,在根本上摧毁了环境和生态系统。


我认为,今天野生动物种类的灭绝和数量的减少预示着将来人类并不明朗的前景。为了减少物种灭绝,我们应该制定并执行相关的法律法规来保留大部分的原始生态区。同时,我们也应该采取有效的措施来确保消除污染的影响。


四、图画作文:

(一)

study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should


1. describe the drawing.


2. interpret its meaning, and


3. support your view with examples.


范文:


it is vividly depicted in the cartoon that a boy is running along the racetrack with painstaking efforts, sweat pouring down his face. after a long journey, he is making the final spurt toward the finishing line, with strong determination to become a champion. it seems that he could rest for a while to enjoy the ecstasy of victory. however, straight ahead lies a sign which indicates a new “starting point” and urges him to continue rushing to the next destination.


undoubtedly, the cartoon conveys the meaning

that life is like the process of running in which one should make constant efforts and never stop making progress. owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life, stimulating everyone to pursue one goal after another. once a person stops making progress, he can hardly maintain his past glory and survive in this competitive world. as deng xiaoping, the great chinese leader said, “development is inarguable truth.” no matter how powerful a specific institution is, it will definitely seek new development in high speed. generally speaking, neither a country nor a person can remain stagnant.


a case in point is the successful launching of “shenzhou ⅶ spacecraft” which sets china in a high position of aviation and space flight. although it means a great achievement for us chinese, we are facing new challenges in the forthcoming

future and need to do further research in space technology. another illustration is closely related to us, the examinees. if we pass this test and are confronted with the challenge of conquering the difficult graduate courses. we still have to strive for success in our future academic study, employment and career. on the whole, these examples effectively clarify the saying that “destination is another starting point.” (296 words)


翻译:


如图生动所示,一个小男孩正在沿着跑道跑步。他付出艰苦的努力,汗水淌下脸庞。在长途跋涉之后,他正在向着终点进行最后冲刺,抱有成为冠军的坚定决心。看起来他可以休息一会,享受胜利的狂喜。然而,在正前方有标志显示一个新的“起点”,激励他继续朝着下一个目标前进。


毫无疑问,这幅漫画显示了如下含义:人生就像跑步的过程一样,人们应该不断努力,绝不停止进步。由于生活节奏的加快,各行各业的竞争变得日益激烈,激励每个人追求一个又一个的目标。一旦一个人停止取得进步,他很难保持过去的荣誉,在这个竞争世界中生活下去。正如伟大的中国领导人邓小平所说:“发展才是硬道理”。无论一个具体的机构如何成功,它肯定需要高速寻求新的发展。总而言之,无论一个国家还是个人都不能停滞不前。


一个恰当的例子就是“神州七号宇宙飞船”的成功发射,这使中国处于航空航天的一个较高地位。尽管这对我们中国人意味着一个巨大的成就,但我们在不远的将来面临新的挑战,需要在空间技术领域进行深入研究。另一个例子与我们考生密切相关。如果我们通过了考试,就面临着征服艰巨研究生课程的挑战。我们仍须在我们未来的学业、职业和事业上为了成功而继续奋斗。总之,这些例子清楚证明了这一说法:“终点又是新起点”。


(二)

study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.


your essay must be written clearly on the answer sheet ii.


your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:


1.write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.


2.give your comments.


the past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life. regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.


odd and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country. administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes; manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services. can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises? i guess your answer will be negative. as a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.


i dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. but the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. they should remember the old saying, “honesty is the best policy”. (219 words)


翻译:


过去几年发生了一个现象:各行各业开始出现了各种各样的承诺。遗憾的是,相当多的承诺纯粹只是空话,正如漫画中的这只母鸡一样,承诺下蛋不见棱见角,并保证有蛋皮、蛋清、蛋黄。


尽管这些承诺听起来奇怪有趣,但在全国各地都可以看到听到这样的虚假承诺。管理部门保证不接受任何贿赂,公正有效地履行指责;生产厂家保证生产高质量产品;商业企业发誓提供真货和礼貌热情的服务。在这些所谓的承诺中,除了他们的义务、责任和工作之外,你还能发现任何新的和实质性的东西吗?我想你的答案将是否定的。事实上,他们做这种承诺的目的只是披上华丽的外衣以便取悦并欺骗公众。


我认为这个社会正在受到腐败和欺骗的影响,这在物质和道德上都在对社会造成了伤害。但这只母鸡及其同类应该知道:在市场经济体系的激烈竞争中,没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。他们应该牢记这条谚语:“诚实为上策”。


(三)

among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his or her own understanding of it.


there has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. write an essay to the newspaper to show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the pictures below.give a specific example, and give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.you should write about 200 words neatly on answer sheet ii.


when we use the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. the picture below illustrates the real meaning of love, by stressing the fact that love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. as a matter of fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the most sublime of human emotions.


as an illustration of the power of love, we should remember how the chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of the deadly earthquake in sichuan province. although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can——be it money or goods——to help their needy fellow citizens. furthermore, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.


it is my view that the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. we should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place, for, as the picture shows, the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines. (241 words)


翻译:


当我们用到“爱”这个词时,我们不仅仅指对异性的吸引,这是对这个词非常狭隘的解释。下面的图画注解了爱的真正含义,它强调了爱心是情感的力量,不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗,爱心都能支撑我们。事实上,历史上处于不同文化中的人们都把爱当作人类最高尚的情感。


举一个例子证明爱心的力量,我们应该记得中国各族人民如何响应号召去支援四川地震中的受难者。尽管他们的收入按照国际标准衡量还是处于低水平,但是全国人民毫不犹豫地尽他们所能捐献——不管是钱,还是物品——去帮助那些受难的同胞们。并且,他们这么做不考虑自己的得失。


我认为,表示爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手,无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样,我们能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方,因为,正如图画所描绘的,悲伤的阴影越黑暗,爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。


(四)

study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “cultures---national and international”


in the essay you should


describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and


give your comments on the phenomenon.


you should write about 200 words neatly on answer sheet ii.


an american girl in traditional chinese costume


范文:


the picture vividly depicts a lovely american girl in traditional chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face. she wears ribbons, necklaces and other accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a certain chinese minority group. undoubtedly, the costume has added oriental charm/glamour to her beautiful look/appearance/features.


what the picture conveys goes far beyond only/merely a new fashion trend. instead, it carries cultural meanings/implications as well. the fact that people from different countries are attracted to mysterious chinese culture indicates that to some extent a culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally. in other words, a nation’s unique/distinctive culture can become international through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges. since the trend of globalization become irresistible, the increasing cultural exchanges can effectively improve mutual understanding and friendship.


it is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished. meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture for those ideas from the other cultures, controversial or even absurd at first sight, can provide a different perspective for us to observe the world in the long run. nevertheless, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side. only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous. (221 words)


范文:


这幅图画生动描述了一位可爱的美国小女孩身穿传统的中国服装,面带甜蜜的微笑。她戴着具有某个中国少数民族服饰特征的发带、项链和其他装饰品。毫无疑问,这套服装为她美丽的外表增添了东方的魅力。


这幅图画所表达的远远不只是一种新的时尚潮流。反之,它具有文化内涵。神秘的中国文化吸引了各国人民这一事实,显示了在某种程度上,一种文化可以被国际性地接受、尊重、欣赏和分享。换而言之,一个民族独特的文化可以通过全球性的经济和文化交流走向世界。由于全球化潮流不可阻挡,所以文化交流可以有效增进相互间的理解和友谊。


在我看来,我们应该保存和珍惜作为无价精神财富的民族文化。同时,我们很有必要推广世界文化,因为来自其他文化的观点,即使乍看起来相互矛盾或荒谬,但从长远看来,可以为我们观察这个世界提供一种不同的视角。然而,在我们面临不同文化时,应该充满理智地取其精华、去其糟粕。只有这样我们才能积极发展民族文化,并使我们的世界丰富多元、五颜六色、充满活力。


(五)


directions:


study the following pictures carefully and write an essay about 200 words based on the following


describe the set of drawings and interpret its meaning point out its implications in our life.


范文:


the set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in different circumstances. as is shown in the first cartoon, the flower is placed in a comfortable greenhouse that shelters it from the threatening lightning and storm. with proper temperature, moisture and fertilizer, the flower is growing in full bloom. on the contrary, when removed from the greenhouse and exposed to the driving rain, the flower soon fades and withers, with the petals scattered on the ground.


to begin with, the purpose of the drawings is to show us that the flower growing in the green house cannot withstand the test of the storm, yet the symbolic meanings subtly conveyed should be taken more seriously. the delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be specific, the only children in our current society; the greenhouse epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality. once the young people begin to seek independence and accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.


accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from these thought-provoking drawings. on the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten the youth to be more independent in life. on the other hand, parents should be sensible enough to give their children more freedom to deal with troubles and problems. only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability, and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world. (271 words)


翻译:


上述这组图生动描述了一朵鲜花在不同环境中的命运。如第一幅漫画所示,这朵鲜花被放在舒适的温室里,保护它免于可怕的闪电和风雨。拥有合适的温度、湿度和肥料,鲜花正在充分绽放。相反,当被搬出温室并暴露在风雨之下时,鲜花很快就凋谢枯萎了,花瓣散落一地。


首先,这些图画的目的是告诉我们温室花朵经不起风雨,然而我们应该认真对待它们所微妙传达的的象征含义。这朵娇弱的鲜花自然和我们的年轻人联系起来,具体而言,就是当代社会的独生子女。温室是保护孩子免受风雨的父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影,而风雨就是严峻的现实。一旦年轻人开始寻求独立并且接受来自现实世界的挑战,人们发现他们已经被惯坏了,在困难面前无法足够坚强。


总之,我们很有必要从这些发人深思的图画中得出积极的含义。一方面,我们可以经常利用它们来启发年轻人在生活中更加独立。另一方面,父母们应该充满理智给孩子们更多自由来处理困难和问题。只有经历更多的挑战和磨练,年轻人才能培养强大的个性和能力,而且只有这样他们才能成为这个竞争世界中的强者。